Berry



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

W. BERRY. SASH BALANCE.

No. 456,716. Patented July 28 1891.

Wines; E5

(No Model.) 2 sneetsf-sheet 2.

W. BERRY. sAsH BALANCE.

No. 456,716.V Patented July z8, 1,891.5

UNITED STATES PATENT CEEICE.

VASHINGTON BERRY, OF ANGEL ISLAND, CALIFORNIA.

SASH-BALANCE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 456,716, dated July 28,1891.

Application tiled December 23, 1890. Serial No. 375,581. (No model.)

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, WASHINGTON BERRY, a citizen of the United States,and a resident of Angel Island, Marin county, California, have inventedcertain new and useful Iniprovements in Sasl1-Locks; and I do herebydeclare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description ofthe same.

My invention relates to devices Jforlocking windowsashes; butmoreparticularly to locks for that class of windows which have a rack--andpinion movement in their guides and are balanced by a torsionalspring contained within the sash-rail and connected to the pinion insuch a manner as to exert a stored-up torsional force upon suoli pinionwhile the window is being raised.

My device is self-locking in character or normally in engagement withthe pinion, and it is adapted with slight modification in 'structure toboth the upper and lowersashes of spring-balanced windows. I havetherefore described it hereinafter and shown it in theaccompanyingdrawings as applied to both sashes, and shall now proceed topoint out more particularly its construction and inode of operation inconnection with those drawings, in which- Figure l is an elevation of apart of the upper sash of a window and its casing suficiciently brokenaway to show my sashdock in position. Fig. 2 is a perspective View ofthe sliding plate which carries the locking-bolt. Fig. 3 is a section onthe line Jo .fr of Fig. l. Fig. 4 is a horizontal section on the line yy of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is alongitudinal horizontal section of the lowersash-rail to illustrate the application of my lock to that situation.Fig.

4ted lines.

(S is a detail elevation of a part of the lower sash-rail with thelocking-bolt shown in dot- Fig. 7 is a perspective view of amodification. Fig. 8 is a section of saine on line w w. Fig. 9 is asection of saine on line z A represents the casing of a window, and B avertical rack situated in the sash-run.

C is the upper sash of the window, sliding in the run, with its edge inproximity to the rack, and carrying aspur-pinion D, journaled in arabbeted groove formed in the edge of the sash and engaging with therack B.

E is a torsion-spring within the groove, fixed at one end and connectedat the other to a rotary rod a, which transmits motion through thebeveled pinions D b to the spur-pinion D. The spring and its connectionsare sufficiently indicated by dotted lines, as their construction willbe readily understood, and inaddition they are more fully shown in Fig.5 in connection with the lower sash, where their operation is preciselysimilar. The object ot' employing beveled pinions intermediate betweenthe spring and pinion is fully stated in a previous application of minefiled October l0, 1890, and serially numbered 367,685.

The sash-lock, which operates in connection with the pinion D, is asliding' plate F, having at one end a projecting rod or bolt f, whichenters between two teeth of the pinion, and thus prevents its revolutionand the consequent movement of the sash. This plate slides within a boxor casing G, secured wit-hin the sash-rail, being guided in its movementby a slot g and stud h. Its shape is fully shown in Fig. 2, one sidebeing smooth and fiat, while the other is provided with ribsi t, uponwhich it slides in its case, and which produce side recesses j j tocontain coiled pressure-springs 7o 7.5, which are thus inclosed betweenthe plate and its casing and bear at one end upon the shoulder Z of theplate and at the other upon a lug m on the casing. These springs forcethe sliding plate and its bolt toward the pinion and cause the bolt toproject through a hole n in its case and to engage with the pinion, asbefore stated. The movement of the plate is eitected byadouble cani H,mounted upon apin o, pivoted in the casing, the ends p 1J of which bearupon studs q q on the plate. Turning the cam in either direction willtherefore slide the plate and withdraw the bolt from the pinion. Thehandle which operates the cam is mounted upon one end ot' the pin o andprojects through a slot r, formed in a projecting shoulder s of thecase, the latter being so placed that the inclined face of its shouldersshall be flush with the inner beveled part of the saslrrail adjacent tothe glass. Move` ment of the handle in either direction will, as beforesaid, release the bolt from the pinion, and by moving said handle farenough to IOO bear upon either end of the slot r it becomes a sash-moving handle for raising or lowering the sash.

The devices shown in Figs. 7 S, and S) differ only slightly inconstruction from those just described, but form asomewhat cheaperdevice as Well as one more easily put together and fitted to the Window.The difference consists, as shown in Figs. 8 and 9, (which are the samesections as Figs. 3 and 4,) in reversing the plate F, so that therelative positions of the cam H and springs 7c are reversed also-thatis, the cam is placed on the extreme end of pin o, instead ofimmediately next the operating-handle, as in Figs. 3 and 4, and thesprings are of course upon the side of the plate opposite the cam. Thepractical operation of the device is precisely t-he same as beforedescribed.

The device as applied to the lower sash operates, as before stated, uponthe same principle as that just described; but some modifications arenecessary to adapt it to its different situations. I prefer to use theoperating-handle in connection with a cup-escutcheon at or near themiddle of the sash-rail, as indicatedin Figs. 5 and 6, so that it is inthe most favorable position for lifting the sash,as Well as releasingthe lock. These two figures represent a torsion-spring sash-balance, thespring being contained in a bore in the sash-rail and exerting itstorsional force through the rod a and bevel-pinions l) b upon thespur-pinion D, which engages with the rack in the sash-run. The caseG,which may be connected to the cup-escutcheon, extends into the bore ofthe sash-rail and contains a sliding plate F, like that described. Theend of this plate projects throughva hole in the box and carries thelocking-boltf, Which in this situation is of course long enough toextend from the middle of the sash-rail to the pinion. The springs k(shown in Fig. 3) may be used in connection with this form ot' device;but I have here shown a single spring coiled on the bolt f between. tWoshoulders of the casting which supports the gearing, and which shouldersalso form guides for the sliding bolt.

two-armed cam H andthe pin o are in the same relation to the slidingplate F, as previously described, and are controlled by the handle I inthe same manner, the turning of the handle in eitherdirection causingthe disengagement of the locking-bolt from the pinion.

The y Although I have for convenience of illustration shown an ordinaryspiral spring for producing torsional force to operate as a sashbalance,I prefer to use the double returningspring described in my applicationfor patent iled November (3, 1890, Serial No. 370,580.

The particular advantages of the devices herein 'described lie in thefact that they are self-lookin g, and hence require no such attention asmust be given to fasteners on the meeting-rails of sashes. At the sametime When employed in a balanced sash itis evident that the lock may bereleased and the sash raised With a single hand,it being only necessaryto turn Athe handle in either direction and then apply to it what littlelifting power these balanced sashes require. 1

I desire it to be understood that I do not claim herein the devicesshown and described, but not made the subject of claims, as such devicesare claimed in a pending application.

l. In a sash-lock,t11e combination, with a Window-casing and therack-and-pinion movement, of a sliding locking-bolt normally inengagement with said pinion, a cam pivotally supported and having an armextending on each side of its pivot and bearing against suitablesurfaces or lugs in connection with the sliding bolt, and a handle forturning the cam and causing either one or the other of the arms toretract the bolt by turning the handle in either direction from itsnormal posisition, substantially as described.

2. The combination of a window frame and sash having a rack-and-pinionconnection acted upon by a torsional spring, a box or case within thesash-rail, a plate sliding in such case and having a locking-bolt,springs between the' case and plate for pressing said bolt intoengagement with the pinion, a twoarmed cam bearing upon the slidingplate and adapted when turned in eitherdirection to disengage thelocking-bolt from said pinion, andan operating-handle for said camprojecting from the sash-rail, substantially as sel forth.

In testimony whereofl I have hereunto affixed my signature, in Vthepresence of two witnesses, this 17th day of September, 1890.

WASHINGTON BERRY. lVitnesses:

S. W. SEELY, H. P. TRIcoU.

